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Shiro TSUYUZAKI
Plant community ecology / Environmental conservation

Mount Usu / Sarobetsu post-mined peatland
From left: Crater basin in 1986 and 2006. Cottongrass / Daylily

(Update on December 2 2010)

References (suggested in lectures)


Textbooks

(*: comprehensive issue, TJ: translated into Japanese. J: in Japanese)

  • Allen MF. 1991. The ecology of mycorrhizae. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (TJ)
  • Barrow CJ. 1991. Land degradation. Development and breakdown of terrestrial enironments. Cambridge University Press, Cambrige
  • Baskin CC & Baskin JM. 1998. Seeds. Ecology, biogeography, and evolution of dormancy and germination. Academic Press, San Diego
  • Begon M, Harper JL & Townsend CR. 1996. Ecology. Individuals, populations and communities. (3rd edn.). Blackwell Science, London *
  • Burroguh PA. 1986. Principles of geographical information systems for land resources assessment. Oxford University Press, New York (TJ)
  • Chisholm A & Dumsday R. (eds.) 1987. Land degradation: problems and policies. Cambridge University Press, London
  • Crawley MJ. (ed.) 1986. Plant Ecology. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford
  • Dunster J & Dunster K. 1996. Dictionary of natural resources management. UBC Press, Vancouver
  • Forman RTT. 1995. Land mosaics. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge *
  • Forman RTT & Godron M. 1986. Landscape ecology. John Wiley, New York *
  • Glenn-Levin DC, Peet RK & Veblen TT. 1992. Plant succession. Theory and prediction. Chapman & Hall, London
  • Hale WG & Margham JP. 1991. Harper-Collins Dictionary of Biology. HarperCollins Publishers, New York
  • Huston MA. 1994. Biological diversity. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
  • Jongman RHG, ter Braak CJF & van Tongeren OFR. 1995. Data analysis in community and landscape ecology. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
  • Johnson EA. 1992. Fire and vegetation dynamics. Studies from the North American boreal forest. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
  • Kent M & Coker P. 1992. Vegetation description and analysis: A practical approach. CRC Press, Boca Ration *

Selected Papers

Mainly for Conservation Ecology

  • Aiba S & Kitayama K. 1999. Structure, composition and species diversity in an altitude-substrate matrix of rain forest tree communities on Mount Kinabalu, Borneo. Plant Ecology 140: 139-157
  • Antos JA. 1988. Underground morphology and habitat relationships of three pairs of forest herbs. American Journal of Botany 75: 106-113
  • Antos JA. & Zobel DB. 1985. Upward movement of underground plant parts into deposits of tephra from Mount St. Helens. Canadian Journal of Botany 63: 2091-2096
  • Aguiar MR, Soriano A, & Sala OE. 1992. Competition and facilitation in the recrutment of seedlings in Patagonian steppe. Functional Ecology 6: 66-70
  • Aselman I & Crutzen PJ. 1989. Global distribution of natural freshwater wetlands and rice paddies, their net primary productivity, seasonality and possible methane emissions. Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry 8: 307-358
  • Benscoter BW, Witt DH & Wieder RK. 2005. Association of postfire peat accumulation and microtopography in boreal bogs. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 35: 2188-2193
  • Bulla L. 1994. An index of evenness and its associated diversity measure. Oikos 70: 167-171
  • Carlquist S. 1967. Thye biota of long-distance dispersal. V. Pland dispersal to Pacific Islands. Bulletin of Torrey Botanical Club 94: 129-162
  • Castro J, Zamora R, Hodar J & Gomez JM. 2002. Use of shrubs as nurse plants: a new technique for reforestation in Mediterranean mountains. Restoration Ecology 10: 297-305
  • Colwell RK & Futuyuma ER. 1971. On the measurement of niche breadth and overlap. Ecology 52: 567-576
  • Cooke JA. 1999. Mining. In: Ecosystems of World 16. Ecosystems of disturbed ground. Elsevier, Amsterdam. pp. 365-384
  • del Moral R. 1993. Mechanisms of primary succession on volcanoes: A view from Mount St. Helens. In: Primary succession on land. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford. pp. 79-100
  • del Moral R & Grishin S-Yu. 1999. Volcanic disturbances and ecosystem recovery. In: Ecosystems of the world. 16. Ecosystems of disturbed ground. Elsevier, Amsterdam. pp. 137-160
  • Delcourt HR, Delcourt PA & Webb III T. 1983. Dynamic plant ecology: the spectrum of vegetational change in space and time. Quaternary Science Review 1: 153-175
  • Diamond JM. 1975. Assembly of species communities. In: Ecology and Evolution of Communities. Harvard University Press. pp. 342-444
  • Drury WH & Nisbet ICT. 1973. Succession. Journal of Arnold Arboretum 54: 331-368
  • Eran DJD & Rohani P. 1999. Complex dynamics in ecology. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 14: 43-44
  • Erickson RO. 1945. The Clematis Fremontii var. Riehlii population in the Ozarks. Annals of Missouri Botanical Garden 32: 413-460
  • Frenot Y, Gloaguen JC, Cannavacciuolo M & Bellido-A. 1998. Primary succession on glacier forelands in the subantarctic Kerguelen Islands. Journal of Vegetation Science 9: 75-84
  • Forman RTT. 1964. Growth under controlled conditions to explain the hierarchical distributions of a moss, Tetraphis pellucida. Ecological Monographs 34: 1-25
  • Foster BL & Tilman D. 2000. Dynamic and static views of succession: Testing the descriptive power of the chronosequence approach. Plant Ecology 146: 1-10
  • Gibson DJ, Connolly J, Hartnett DC & Weidenhamer JD. 1999. Designs for greenhouse studies of interactions between plants. Journal of Ecology 87: 1-16
  • Gleason HA. 1922. On the relation between species and area. Ecology 3: 158-162
  • Gore 1983. Introduction. In: Ecosystems of the wrold 4A. Mires: Swamp, bog, fen and moor. Elsevier, Amsterdam. pp. 1-34
  • Groves RH & Williams JD. 1975. Growth of skelton weed (Chondrilla juncea L.) as affected by growth of subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.) and infection by Puccinia chondrillina Bubak & Syd. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 26: 975-983
  • Guo Q-F & Rundel PW. 1997. Measuring dominance and diversity in ecological communities: choosing the right variables. Journal of Vegetation Scinece 8: 405-408
  • Harris J. 2009. Soil microbial communities and restoration ecology: facilitators or followers? Science 325: 573-574
  • Harris JM & Bodhaine BA (eds). 1983. Summary report 1982, geogphysical monitoring for climatic change. Environmental Research Laboratories/NOAA, USDC, Washington DC
  • Harrison RD, Banka R, Thornton IWB & Shanahan M. 2001. Colonization of an island volcano, Long Island, Papua New Guinea, and an emergent island, Motmot, in its caldera lake. II. The vascular flora. Journal of Biogeography 28: 1311-1337
  • Hautier Y, Niklaus PA & Hector A. 2009. Competition for light causes plant biodiversity loss after eutrophication. Science 324: 636-638
  • Hill MO. 1979. TWINSPAN - A FORTRAN program for arranging multivariate data in an ordered two-way table by classification of the individuals and attributes. Section of Ecology and Systematics, Cornell University, Ithaca. pp. 1-49
  • Hill MO. 1979. DECORANA - A FORTRAN program for detrended correspondence analysis and reciprocal averaging. Section of Ecoogy and Systematics, Cornell University, Ithaca. pp. 1-52
  • Hotes S, Grootjans AP, Takahashi H, Ekschmitt K & Poschlod P. 2010. Resilience and alternative equilibria in a mire plant community after experimental disturbance by volcanic ash. Oikos 119: 952-963
  • Hurlbert SL. 1971. The nonconcept of species diversity: a critique and alternative parameters. Ecology 52: 577-586
  • Houle 1997. No evidence for interspecific interactions between plants in the first stage of succession on coastal dunes in subarctic Quebec, Canada. Canadian Journal of Botany 75: 902-915
  • Jaccard P. 1912. The distribution of the flora in the alpine zone. New Phytologist 11: 37-50
  • Janssen JGM. 1975. A simple clustering procedure for preliminary classification of very large datasets of phytosociological releves. Vegetatio 30: 67-71
  • Japanese Society of Geographical Conditions on Forest. 1972. Soil map in Hokkaido
  • Johnson MG, Tingey DT, Phillips DL & Storm MJ. 2001. Advancing fine root research with minirhizotrons. Environmental and Experimental Botany 45: 263-289
  • Johnson FL, Gibson DJ & Risser PG. 1982. Revegetation of unreclaimed coal strip-mines in Oklahoma. 1. Vegetation structure and soil properties. Journal of Applied Ecology 19: 453-463
  • Kanemaru ET. et al. 1974. Remote Sensing and Environments 3: 255-260
  • Kivilaan A & Bandurski RS. 1981. The one hundred-year period for Dr. Beal's seed viability experiment. American Journal of Botany 68: 1290-1292
  • Landeweert R, Hofland E, Finlay RD, Kuyper TW & van Breemen N. 2001. Linking plants to rocks: ectomycorrhizal fungi mobilize nutrients from minerals. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 16: 248-254
  • Levin SA. 1992. The problem of pattern and scale in ecology. Ecology 73: 1943-1967
  • MacArthur RH & MacArthur JW 1961. On bird species diversity. Ecology 42: 594-598
  • MacIntosh RP 1967. An index of diversity and the relation of certain concepts to diversity. Ecology 48: 392-404
  • McPhee CS & Aarssen LW. 2001. The separation of above-and below-ground competition in plants. A review and critique of methodology. Plant Ecology 152: 119-136

Mainly for Global Warming

  • Caldwell MM, Ballare CL, Borrnman JF, Flint SD, Bjorn LO, Teramura AH, Kulandaivelu G, Tevini M. 2003. Terrestrial ecosystems, increased solar ultraviolet radiation and interactions with other climatic change factors. Photochemical and Photobiological Sciences 2: 29-38
  • Chapin III FS & Ruess RW. 2001. The roots of the matter. Nature 411: 749-751
  • Cornelissen JHC, van Bodegom PM, Aerts R, Callaghan TV & van Logtestijn RSP. 2007. Global negative vegetation feedback to climate warming responses of leaf litter decomposition rates in cold biomes. Ecology Letters 10: 619-627
  • Dormann CF & Woodin SJ. 2002. Climate change in the Arctic: using plant functional types in meta-analysis of field experiments. Functional Ecology 16: 4-17
  • Field CB, Behrenfeld MJ, Randerson JT & Falkowski P. 1998. Primary production of the biosphere: Integrating terrestrial and oceanic components. Science 281: 237-240
  • Harte J, Torn MS, Chang F-R, Feifarek B & Kinzig P. 1995. Global warming and soil microclimate results from a meadow-warming experiment. Ecological Applications 5: 132-150
  • He F & Gaston KJ. 2000. Estimating species abundance from occurrence. American Naturalist 156: 553-559
  • He J-S, Wang Z, Wang X, Schmid B & Zuo W. 2006. A test of the generality of leaf trait relationships on the Tibetan Plateau. New Phytologist 170: 835-348
  • Hocker HWJ. 1956. Certain aspects of climate as related to the distribution of loblolly pine. Ecology 37: 824-834
  • Iverson LR & Prasad AM. 2001. Potential changes in tree species richness and forest community types following climate change. Ecosystems 4: 186-199
  • Kennedy AD. 1995. Antarctic terrestrial ecosystem response to global environmental change. Ann. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 26: 683-704
  • Kalbina I & Strid A. 2006. Supplementary ultraviolet-B irradiation reveals differences in stress responses between Arabidopsis thaliana ecotypes. Plant, Cell and Environment 29: 754-763

Mainly for UV

  • Aphalo PJ. 2003. Do current levels of UV-B radiation affect vegetation? The importance of long-term experiments. New Phytologist 160: 273-276. doi: 10.1046/j.1469-8137.2003.00905.x
  • Ballare CL. 2003. Stress under the sun: spotlight on ultraviolet-B responses. Plant Physiology 132: 1725-1727
  • Bjoerkman O & Berry J. 1973. High efficiency photosynthesis. Scientific American 229: 80-93
  • Caldwell MM, Ballare CL, Borrnman JF, Flint SD, Bjorn LO, Teramura AH, Kulandaivelu G, Tevini M. 2003. Terrestrial ecosystems, increased solar ultraviolet radiation and interactions with other climatic change factors. Photochem. Photobiol. Sci. 2: 29-38. DOI:10.1039/b211159b
  • Cockell CS, Knowland J. 1999. Ultraviolet radiation screening compounds. Biological Reviews 74: 311-345
  • Cybulski WJ & Peterjohn WT. 1999. Effects of ambient UV-B radiation on the above-ground biomass of seven temperate-zone plant species. Plant Ecology 145: 175-181
  • Moody SA, Paul ND, Bjorn LO, Callaghan TV & Lee JA. 2001. The effects of UV-B radiation on Betula pubescens litter decomposing at four European field sites. Plant Ecology 154: 29-36

Plant taxonomy

- Japanese (日本語)

China
  • Institute of Botany of Chinese Academy of Sciences (中国科学院植物研究所). 1972. Illustrated flora of higher plants of China. Volume 1 (Iconographia Cormophytorum Sinicorum, tomus I, 中国高等植物図鑑). China Science Press (科学出版社), Beijing. pp. 1157 (in Chinese)
  • Institute of Botany of Chinese Academy of Sciences. 1972. Illustrated flora of higher plants of China. Volume 2 (Iconographia Cormophytorum Sinicorum, tomus II). China Science Press, Beijing. pp. 1312 (in Chinese)
  • Institute of Botany of Chinese Academy of Sciences. 1974. Illustrated flora of higher plants of China. Volume 3 (Iconographia Cormophytorum Sinicorum, tomus III). China Science Press, Beijing. pp. 1083 (in Chinese)
  • Institute of Botany of Chinese Academy of Sciences. 1975. Illustrated flora of higher plants of China. Volume 4 (Iconographia Cormophytorum Sinicorum, tomus IV). China Science Press, Beijing. pp. 932 (in Chinese)
  • Institute of Botany of Chinese Academy of Sciences. 1976. Illustrated flora of higher plants of China. Volume 5 (Iconographia Cormophytorum Sinicorum, tomus V). China Science Press, Beijing. pp. 1144 (in Chinese)
Siberia
  • Tolmachev AN. 1974. Opredeliteil' viswix raastenii Yakutii (Key to Vascular plants of the Yakutia). Nauka, Novosibirsk. pp. 543 (in Russian)
Alaska
  • Hulten E. 1968. Flora of Alaska and neighboring territories. A manual of the vascular plants. Stanford University Press, Standord. pp. 1008
Northwest
  • Cronquist A. 1955. Vascular plants of the Pacific Northwest. Volume 5: Compositae. University of Washington Press, Seattle. pp. 343
  • Hitchcok CL & Cronquist A. 1973. Flora of the Pacific Northwest. An illustrated manual. University of Washington Press, Seattle. pp. 730
    Comprehensive book
  • Hitchcok CL & Cronquist A. 1961. Vascular plants of the Pacific Northwest. Part 3: Saxifragaceae to Ericaceae. University of Washington Press, Seattle. pp. 614
  • Hitchcok CL & Cronquist A. 1964. Vascular plants of the Pacific Northwest. Part 2: Salicaceae to Saxifragaceae. University of Washington Press, Seattle. pp. 597
  • Hitchcok CL, Cronquist A & Ownbey M. 1959. Vascular plants of the Pacific Northwest. Part 4: Ericaceae to Campanulaceae. University of Washington Press, Seattle. pp. 510
  • Hitchcok CL, Cronquist A & Ownbey M. 1969. Vascular plants of the Pacific Northwest. Part 1: Vascular cryptogams, gymnosperms, and monocotyledons. University of Washington Press, Seattle. pp. 914
New Zealand
  • Allan HH. 1961 (reprinted 1982). Flora of New Zealand. Volume I: Indigenous Tracheophyta - Psilopsida, Lycopsida, Filicopsida, Gymnospermae, Dicotyledons. P.D. Hasselberg, Government Printer, Wellington. pp. 1085.
  • Moore LB & Edgar E. 1970, reprinted 1976. Flora of New Zealand. Volume II: Indigenous Tracheophyta - Monocotyledons except Graminae. P.D. Hasselberg, Government Printer, Wellington. pp. 354
  • Healy AJ & Edgar E. 1980. Flora of New Zealand. Volume III. Adventive Cyperaceous, Petalous & Spathaceous Monocotyledons. P.D. Hasselberg, Government Printer, Wellington. pp. 220
  • Webb CJ, Sykes WR & Garnock-Jones PJ. 1988. Flora of New Zealand. Volume IV: Naturalised Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms, Dicotyledons. P.D. Hasselberg, Government Printer, Wellington. pp. 1365
  • Edgar E & Connor HE. 2000. Flora of New Zealand. Volume V: Grasses. P.D. Hasselberg, Government Printer, Wellington. pp. 650

Plant morphology / anatomy

  • Cutler DF, Botha T, Stevenson DW. 2008. Plant anatomy: an applied approach. Oxford Blackwell Publishing, Oxford pp. 312
  • Esau K 1977. Anatomy of seed plants (2nd edn.) John Wiley & Sons, New York pp. 576
  • Philipson WR, Ward JM, Butterfield BG. 1971. The vascular cambium: its development and activity. London: Chapman and Hall.

Plant systematics

  • Jones Jr SB, Luchsinger AE. 1987. Plant systematics (2n edn.). McGraw-Hill, New York.

Link

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Classic

  • Bray RJ & Curtis JT. 1957. An ordination of the upland forest communities of southern Wisconsin. Ecological Monographs 27: 325-349
  • Clark PJ & Evans FC. 1954. Distance to nearest neighbor as a measure of spatial relationships in populations. Ecology 35: 445-453
  • Clements FE. 1916. Plant succession. An analysis of the development of vegetation, Carnegie Inst. Wash. Publ. 242, 512 p
  • Colwell RK & Futuyma DJ. 1971. On the measurement of niche breadth and overlap. Ecology 52: 567-576
  • Connell JH. 1978. Diversity in tropical rain forest and coral reefs. Science 199: 1302-1310
  • Cowles HC. 1899. The ecological relations of the vegetation on the sand dunes of Lake Michigan. Botanical Gazette 27: 95-117, 167-202, 281-308, 361-391
  • Curtis JT & McIntosh RP. 1951. An upland forest continum in the prairie-forest border region of Wisconsin. Ecology 32: 476-496
  • Drury WH & Nisbet ICT. 1973. Succession. Journal of Arnold Arboretum 54: 331-368
  • Egler FE. 1947. Arid southeast Oahu vegetation, Hawaii. Ecological Monographs 17: 385-435
  • Elton CA. 1958. The reasons for conservation. In: The ecology of invasions by animals and plants. Chapman & Hall. pp. 143-153
  • Erickson RO. 1945. The Clematis fremontii var. riehlii population in the Ozarks. Ann Missouri Botanic Garden 32: 413-460
  • Gittins R. 1965. Multivariate approaches to a limestone grassland community III. A comparative study of ordination and association-analysis. Journal of Ecology 53: 411-25
  • Goodall DW. 1973. Sample similarity and species correlation. In: Whittaker RH (ed). Ordination and classification of communities. Junk, Hague. 106-156 pp.
  • Gower JC. 1966. Some distance properties of latent root and vector methods used in multivariate analysis. Biometrika 53: 325-338
  • Griggs RF. 1933. The colonization of the Katmai ash, a new and inorganic "soil". American Journal of Botany 20: 92-113
  • Griggs RF & Ready D. 1934. Growth of liverworts from Katmai in nitrogen-free media. American Journal of Botany 21: 265-277
  • Grinnell J. 1917. The niche relationship of the California thrasher. Auk 21: 364-382
  • Haggett P, Cliff AD & Frey A. 1977. Locational analysis in human geography. Wiley, New York
  • Hill MO. 1973. Reciprocal averaging. An eigenvector method of ordination. Journal of Ecology 61: 237-249
  • Iwao S. 1968. A new regression method for analyzing the aggregation pattern in animal populations. Researches on Population Ecology 10: 1-20
  • Jaccard P. 1912. The distribution of the flora of the alpine zone. New Phytologist 11: 37-50 (Original: Jaccard P. 1901. Districution de la flore alpine dans le Bassin des Dranses et dans quelques regions voisines. Bull. Soc. Vaud. Sci. Nat. 37: 241-272)
  • Janssen JGM. 1975. A simple clustering procedure for preliminary classification of very large datasets of phytosociological releves. Vegetatio 30: 67-71
  • King LJ. 1969. Statistical analysis in geography. Princeton Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey
  • Lance GN. & Williams WT. 1967. Computer programs for hierarchical polythetic classification. Computer Journal 9: 60-64
  • Lloyd M. 1967. Mean crowding. Journal of Animal Ecology 36: 1-30
  • MacArthur RH. 1955. Fluctuations of animal populations and a measure of community stability. Ecology 36: 533-536
  • MacArthur RH. 1957. On the relative abundance of bird species. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 43: 293-295.
  • MacArthur RH & Wilson EO. 1963. The theory of island biogeography. Princeton Univ. Press, Princeton
  • McHarg IH. 1969. Design with nature. Natural History Press, Carden City, NY. pp.198
  • Morisita M. 1959. Measuring of dispersion of individuals and analysis of the distributional patterns. Memoirs of Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Ser. E 2: 215-235
  • Morisita M. 1959. Measuring of interspecific association and similarity between communities. Memoirs of Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Ser. E 3: 64-80
  • Morisita M. 1962. Iδ-index, a measure of dispersion of individuals. Researches on Population Ecology 4: 1-7
  • Motomura I. 1935. Use of correlation coefficient in the statistics of animal community. Ecological Review (Sendai) 1: 339-342
  • Mountford MD. 1962. An index of similarity and its application to classificatory problem. In: Murphy PW (ed). Progress in soil zoology, Butterworths, London, pp. 43-50
  • Nichols GE. 1924. Organic adaptation to environment. Yale University Press, London. pp. 312.
  • Numata M. 1969. Progressive and retrogressive gradient of grassland vegetation measured by degree of succession. Ecological judgment of grassland condition and trend IV. Vegetatio 19: 96-127
  • Odum EP. 1950. Bird populations of the highlands (North Carolina) plateau in relation to plant succession and avian invasion. Ecology 31: 587-605
  • Orloci L. 1966. Geometric models in ecology. I. The theory and application of some ordination methods. Journal of Ecology 54: 193-215
  • Orloci L. 1968. Information analysis in phytosociology: Partition, classification, and prediction. Journal of Theoretical Biology 20: 271-284
  • Otsuka Y. 1936. The faunal character of the Japanese Pleistocene marine Molusca, as evidence of climate having become colder during the Pleistocene in Japan. Biogeography Society of Japan 6: 165-170
  • Pielou EC. 1969. An introduction to mathematical ecology. John Wiley & Son, New York
  • Sepkoski JJ. 1978. A kinetic model of Phanerozoic taxonomic diversity; I, Analysis of marine orders. Paleobiology 4: 223-251
  • Simpson EH. 1949. Measurement of diversity. Nature 163: 688
  • Savage JM. 1960. Evolution of a peninsular Herpetofauna. Systematic Zoology 9: 184-212
  • Sorensen T. 1948. A method of establishing groups of equal amplitude in plant sociology based on similarity of species content and its application to analyses of the vegetation on Danish commons. Biol. Skr., K. danske Vidensek. Selsk. N.S. 5: 1-34
  • Tagawa H. 1964. A study of the volcanic vegetation in Sakurajima, south-west Japan. I. Dynamics of vegetation. Memoirs of the Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Series E, (Biology). 3: 165-228
  • Tagawa H. 1965. A study of the volcanic vegetation in Sakurajima, south-west Japan. II. Distributional pattern and succession. Japanese Journal of Botany. 19: 127-148
  • Tagawa H. 1966. A study of the volcanic vegetation in Sakurajima, south-west Japan. III. Trap sampling of disseminules on the lava flow and the culture experiment of some pioneer mosses. Scientific Report of Kagoshima University. 15: 63-77
  • van Valen L & Grant PR. 1971. Variation and niche width reexamined. American Naturalist 94: 377-390
  • Whittaker RH. 1952. A study of summer foliage insect communities in the Great Smoky Mountains. Ecological Monographs 22: 1-44
  • Whittaker RH, Levin SA & Root RB. 1973. Niche, habitat, and ecotope. American Naturalist 107: 321-338
  • Yoshii Y. 1932. Revegetation of Volcano Komagatake after the great eruption in 1929. Botanical Magazine, Tokyo 46: 208-215
  • Yoshioka K. 1966. Development and recovery of vegetation since the 1929 eruptions of Mt. Komagatake, Hokkaido. Ecological Review (Sendai) 16: 271-292

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