Rangitoto Island
A volcanic island in the Hauraki Gulf near Auckland, New Zealand
It is an iconic landmark of Auckland as its distinctive symmetrical 260 meter high shield volcano cone is visible from much of the city. It is the most recent and the largest (2311 hectares) of the approximately 48 volcanoes of the Auckland Volcanic Field.
This island is also covered with weeds and/or exotic plants.
Rangitoto Island
Lava flow. Lichens pathces sparsely establish on the lava.
Forests develop on the island.
All photos were taken on Jan. 31, 1997.
References
- Clarkson, B.D. (1990) A review of vegetation development following recent (<450 years) volcanic disturbance in North Island, New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Ecology 14: 59-71.
- succession (遷移)
- volcanoes