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Shiro TSUYUZAKI
Plant community ecology / Environmental conservation

Mount Usu / Sarobetsu post-mined peatland
From left: Crater basin in 1986 and 2006. Cottongrass / Daylily

(Update on June 1, 2004. Revised at Oct. 2, 2005)

Population interactions

Interaction

Relationships between individuals and groups of individuals, estimated by benefits (+, positive), or detriments (-, negative) to either population or both. No benefits and detriments (0, neutral) to either population could be included.

Intraspecific between members of the same population or species Interspecific between members of two or more populations
Competition Various Competition Various
Cooperation +/+ Symbiosis +/+
Cannibalism +/- Predation +/-
Parasitism +/- Parasitism +/-
Mutualism +/+
Commensalism +/0

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Interactions between bird and tree

(Nishi & Tsuyuzaki 2004)

Group Bird Plant
Species Jungle Crow (Corvus macrorhynchos) Rhus trichocarpa
Characteristics Canopy seed storage thoroughout year Staying even in snow perido
Advantage The seeds are for food resource in winter Seeds are dispersed to favorable habitats by crow

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References
  • Krebs CJ. 1999. Ecological methodology (2nd edn.). Benjamin/Cummings, Menlo Park
  • Nishi, H. & Tsuyuzaki, S. 2004. Seed dispersal and seedling establishment of Rhus trichocarpa promoted by a crow (Corvus macrorhynchos) on a volcano in Japan. Ecography 27: 311-322
  • Facilitation

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