Skislope (Ski slope)
- Contents
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- skislope
- how to establish
- environmental problems
- glossary for undersanding ski slope
- restoration key in Japan
- references
Landscape on Nakayama Skislope in summer (on July 25 1985). Do you think the erosion control work is successful?
Refer to: summarized and revised version of "Present status and problems on skislope vegetation in Hokkaido (Tsuyuzaki 1999)" written in Japanese.
- Skislope
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A snow-covered slope for skiing
How to establish
The vegetation soon after skislope establishment is perennial herbacous grassland, because of artificial seeding.
Seedbank and nutrients are poor, due to ground surface removal. - Environmental problems
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We have to mention social and natural environmental problems.
Click the figure to enlarge.
Natural environment
landscape fragmentation
decreasing water-holidng capacity
decreasing water quantity/quality
landslide
flood
soil movement (erosion)Social and living environment
contamination from artificial snow and artificial nutrients (= fertilizer)
water pollution
garbage
traffic noise
traffic jamand others
- Glossary for skislope
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Alpine skiing
skiing where boot heel is secured tightly to the skis, on developed slopes, most often using chairlifts to reach upper elevations (downhill skiing).
Backcountry skiing
ski mountaineering, wherein the focus is climbing steeper slopes and mountains (typically with skis and skins) with the intent of skiing or snowboarding down challenging ungroomed and undeveloped slopes. Lift-served backcountry skiing utilizes lifts to attain much or all or the necessary elevation gain to access challenging ungroomed and undeveloped slopes.
Chairlift
a series of chairs suspended from a cable driven by a motor, for conveying skiers up the slope.
Classic Nordic skiing
refers to the diagonal stride technique of cross country skiing. Contrasts with skating.
Glading
term for partial clearing via selective removal of trees within the boundaries of a ski run/trail. Of the total area, 40-60% of the trees would typically be removed; the remaining 40-60% of the stand would be left intact, allowing skiing between the residual trees. The ground surface would not be graded and the natural ground cover would be maintained.
Grooming
to compact, spread, or otherwise prepare the snow on a ski run or slope for skiing use.
Mogul
a small mound or bump of snow on a ski slope caused by the turning action of skiers.
Nordic skiing
skiing when the boot heel is not fastened to the skis. Generally done in undeveloped areas, but may also be on trails and in tracks groomed especially for the sport.
Pod
a geographic area of associated ski runs that are typically provided access via a specific ski lift.
Powder skiing
skiing or boarding on fresh ungroomed snow.
Run
term for a specifically prepared area cleared for skiing; synonymous with ski trail.
Ski touring
skiing ungroomed trail, back country skiing, or breaking your own trail.
Skiway
a run or trail that allows skiers and snowboarders to traverse the mountain and avoid additional chairlift rides. Skiways, or traverses, are also used in areas of intermediate, advanced intermediate, and expert terrain to provide an appropriate descent for guests of beginner and novice ability levels. A skiway typically has a slope gradient that averages 10%.
Waterbar
an erosion control device usually constructed by digging a small ditch or piling dirt or other debris to interrupt the flow of over-the-surface water. Usually constructed on steeper ground in skid trails where the mineral soil is exposed.
- Restoration on skislopes
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Miscanthus sinensis grassland
is an indicator plant community to restore ski slope vegetation in Japan
Figure. Mean number of stems established in 2 m × 2 m plot in relation to the cover of Miscanthus sinensis, investigated by octave classes. Number of plots categorized into each octave class is shown in parentheses. (Tsuyuzaki 2005)
- References
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- References on skislope vegetation (日本語のものを含めた参考文献)
- Landscape on skislopes (スキー場景観)