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(First upload on November 27 2008. Last on October 26 2021) [ 日本語 | English ]

Gankouran (ガンコウラン, 岩高蘭), crowberry Lifeform: creeping evergreen shrub Distribution: circumpolar regions, including northern Japan

Habitat: ombrotrophic wetlands (湿原) and mountain tops in Japan, tundra (ツンドラ) in AK Fruit: berry (edible) ⇒ Seed dispersal: endozoochore (animal) ssp. hermaphroditum (Lange ex Hagerup) Bocher var. nigrum: the type (セイヨウガンコウラン) var. japonicum K. Koch (ガンコウラン) f. albicarphum Honda ex H. Hara (シロミノガンコウラン)

Empetrum nigrum in the Northern Hemisphere

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var. japonicum in Hokkaido

1 2 3 4
[1] near the bothie (hut escaped from mountainous disasters) of Mount Tokachi (十勝岳), central Hokkaido, on June 27 2017. [2/3] in a post-mined peatland, Sarobetsu Mire (サロベツ湿原), northern Japan. [2] on July 5 2006. [3] on October 24 2021. [4] at a trail from Nonaka Spa to Mount Meakan (雌阿寒岳), eastern Hokkaido, on June 25 2013.

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ssp. hermaphroditum in Alaska

1 2
[1] a patch on Sphagnum mat. [2] close-up of a fruit and leaves. [1/2] at Poker Flats, interior Alaska, on August 11 2010.