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(Upload on November 9 2018) [ 日本語 | English ]

Aesculus L. (トチノキ) Seiyoutochinoki (セイヨウトチノキ, 西洋栃ノ木), horse chestnut or conker tree Maronie (マロニエ), marronnier (Fr) Lifeform: tall, deciduous tree (synoecious), occasionally becoming 40 m in height Distribution: Pindus Mountains and Balkan of southeastern Europe broadly transplanted in temperate regions, including Japan (rare in Hokkaido)

Habitat: mixed foersts Fruit: globular, developing spines ↔ A. turbinata (Japanese horse-chestnut) Seed dispersal: cache Chromosomal number: 2n = 40

Aesculus hippocastanum in Japan

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[1-3] in Hibiya Park, Tokyo, on October 19 2018 (bark, 樹皮).