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(First upload on May 12 2022. Last on January 4 2023) [ 日本語 | English ]

[APG: Malvaceae]

Theobroma L. (カカオ)

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20 species worldwide Lifeform: small understory trees Distribution: tropical forests in Central and South America

T. bicolor Bonpl., mocambo T. cacao L. (カカオ), cacao

T. grandiflorum (Willd. ex Spreng.) K. Schum., cupuaçu T. speciosum Willd. ex Spreng., cacaui

Theobroma cacao in Hokkaido

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Theobroma L. (カカオ) Kakao/Kokoa (カカオ/ココア, 加加阿), cacao tree or cocoa tree Lifeform: evergreen, short understory tree ≈ 10 m tall Distribution: southeastern Mexico to the Amazon basin Habitat: humid, tropical forests Flower: cauliflory (乾生花) Pollination: flies, represented by Forcipomyia

Use: cocoa, main ingredient of chocolate Synonyms: Cacao minar Gaertn. or Cacao minus Gaertn. Varieties (for cultivation) Forastero, origin = the Amazon River Basin cultivated in western Africa and southeastern Asia, most popular Criollo, origin = central America Trinitario, hybrid between forastero and criollo

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[1-3] at Sakuya Konohana Kan (咲くやこの花館) located in Osaka, western Japan, on February 6 2022. [4/5] in the glasshouse of Kyoto Botanical Gardens, western Japan, on September 17 2022.