(Upload on January 1 2021) [ 日本語 | English ]
Mount Usu / Sarobetsu post-mined peatland
From left: Crater basin in 1986 and 2006. Cottongrass / Daylily
Version for graduate students
Room# C204-2 (every Tuesday and Friday in the first half of second semester, 13:00-14:30)
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Expected background: Knowing "fundamental ecology" and/or related subjects
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October 9 2020What is this lecture?Flow chart of this lecture Classification of ecology Life cycle (life history)
Case of Trillium (Ref. T. kamtschaticum) |
Case: Trillium in fragmented forests Metapopulation
Case: Silver-studded blue butterfly (Plejebus argus) in North Wales |
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Ecosystem (or biosystem) Environment Definitions and criteria of plant community Flora (floristic composition) - Ex. Mount Koma October 13 2020
Vegetation physiognomy The problems on pattern and scale in ecology Complex dynamics in ecology
Toposequence, chronosequence, and permanent plot October 16 2020
Chronosequence: Case, Fire history Scale-dependent factor Scale-dependent interactions
Scale-dependent interactions and community structure on cobble beaches |
Global (biome) > Regional > Habitat > Microhabitat
Biome: Precipitation and temperature WorldPlant functional types (PFTs) and species attributes Inductive method vs deductive method October 20 2020Biodiversity hotspotsJapan Climate (temperature and precipitation)
Distribution of ferns in Japan
Precipitation Distribution of Sasa (dwarf bamboo) in Hokkaido Microhabitat
Case 1.: Pumice Plains on MSH: rill, near-rock October 23 2020
Case 3. Flooding |
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Natural disturbance and human disturbance Scale, frequency and intensity Natural disturbance Floodplain
Case study: Vegetation zonation in Sorachi River Human disturbance Biological invasion Alien species Invasive species - biological invasion October 27 2020Invasion patterns of larch (Larix kaempferi) on Mount KomaSeed source vs environmental factors (elevation, aspect, and slope) Morphological plasticity Intermediate (-disturbance) hypothesis
Gause's axiom
Cases: Alpine zone, and volcano |
Estimation of root biomass October 30 2020Comparing with isotope measurements Wildfire
The role of duff on seedling establishment Distribution and dispersion Random, contagious, and regular distribution patterns Age and dispersion pattern Analysis methods on spatial pattern
Dispersion pattern analysis
Competition experiment design November 6 2020Competition for light causes plant biodiversity loss after eutrophication Indices of plant-plant competition
On indices of plant-plant competition and their pitfalls Environmental gradients, biotic interactions, and disturbance |
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Principles: distance from mother land and island size
Mother land
Corridor in landscape |
Corridor supports the movements of animals and plants November 10 2020
Conservation areas determined by corridors and island biogeography Restoration ecologyManagement methods for degraded ecosystemsLand degradation Terminology used in the analysis of ecosystem stability Landscape ecologyLandscape unit: structure, function, and changeSatoyama (village forest) |
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α-diversity, β-diversity, and γ-diversity
α-diversity = within-habitat diversity
Type 0: Using number of species = Species richness Fischer's α-diversity index - Representative T1 How to measure α-diversity Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H') - representative T2 |
Bit Density vs biomass 'Correlation' vs 'causal relation'β-diversity (between-habitat diversity) November 13 2020
Types of similarity index
Diamond graph |
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Main purposes of multivariate analysis
Classification and ordination Clsutering or cluster analysis
Divisive strategy vs agglomerative strategy Agglomerative strategy
From 'single linkage method' to 'Average linkage method'
Average linkage method
Principle November 17 2020Other clustering methods Ordination: Indirect and direct ordinationIndirect ordination |
Polar ordination (PO) Application of DCA to investigate vegeation development patterns after peat mining Principal component analysis (PCA)
Eigenvalue and eigenvector Application of PCA on fern development November 20 2020Canonical correspondence analysisPrinciples and applications of CCA on the relationship between seedbank and standing vegetation |
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Succession
Classification of successional sere: Primary succession (Xeric succession, Mesic succession), Secondary succession Concept of succession
Life history characteristics, proposed by Grime (1979)
Facilitation |
Species turnover Xeric succession: Chronosequence approach Characteristics of vegetation recovery on Mount Usu November 24 2020Equilibrium theory vs non-equilibrium theory Mycorrhizal types: ectomycorrhziae and endomycorrhizaeInteractions between seed plants and AM fungi FacilitationLupine patches on Mount St. HelensShrub (Salix reinii) patches on Mount Koma Application of facilitation to restoration The role of plant interactions in the restoration of degraded ecosystems: a meta-analysis across life-forms and ecosystems Summary |
In this term (anterior half in second term 2020), your scores are graded based on the reports. The reporting assignment is described below. 今期(2020年後期前半)は、レポートにより評価を行う。そのレポート課題は、以下の通り。
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