(Upload on November 19 2021) [ 日本語 | English ]
Mount Usu / Sarobetsu post-mined peatland
From left: Crater basin in 1986 and 2006. Cottongrass / Daylily
Version for graduate students
Room# C204-2 (every Tuesday and Friday in the first half of second semester, 13:00-14:30)
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Expected background: Knowing "fundamental ecology" and/or related subjects
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October 8 2021What is this lecture?Flow chart of this lecture Classification of ecology Life cycle (life history)
Case of Trillium (Ref. T. kamtschaticum) |
Case: Trillium in fragmented forests Metapopulation
Case: Silver-studded blue butterfly (Plejebus argus) in North Wales |
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Ecosystem (or biosystem) Environment Definitions and criteria of plant community
Flora (floristic composition) - Ex. Mount Koma October 12 2021
Strata (sg. stratum) The problems on pattern and scale in ecology Complex dynamics in ecology
Toposequence, chronosequence, and permanent plot Scale-dependent factor October 15 2021Scale-dependent interactions
Scale-dependent interactions and community structure on cobble beaches |
Global (biome) > Regional > Habitat > Microhabitat
Biome: Precipitation and temperature WorldPlant functional types (PFTs) and species attributes Inductive method vs deductive method Japan Climate (temperature and precipitation) October 19 2021
Distribution of ferns in Japan Distribution of Sasa (dwarf bamboo) in Hokkaido Microhabitat
Case 1.: Pumice Plains on MSH: rill, near-rock |
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Natural disturbance and human disturbance Scale, frequency and intensity Natural disturbance Floodplain
Case study: Vegetation zonation in Sorachi River October 22 2021Fallen-log regenerationHuman disturbance Biological invasion Alien species Invasive species - biological invasion Invasion patterns of larch (Larix kaempferi) on Mount Koma Seed source vs environmental factors (elevation, aspect, and slope) Morphological plasticity Intermediate (-disturbance) hypothesis
Gause's axiom October 26 2021Soil erosion
Cases: Alpine zone, and volcano |
Estimation of root biomass
The role of duff on seedling establishment October 29 2021Tree regeneration after large-scaled wildfire in Alaska (Tsuyuzaki et al. 2014) InteractionsDistribution and dispersion Random, contagious, and regular distribution patterns Age and dispersion pattern Analysis methods on spatial pattern
Dispersion pattern analysis
Competition experiment design November 2 2021 (***)November 5 2021Indices of plant-plant competition
On indices of plant-plant competition and their pitfalls Environmental gradients, biotic interactions, and disturbance |
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Principles: distance from mother land and island size
Mother land
Corridor in landscape |
Corridor supports the movements of animals and plants Restoration ecologyManagement methods for degraded ecosystemsLand degradation Terminology used in the analysis of ecosystem stability Landscape ecologyLandscape unit: structure, function, and changeSatoyama (village forest) |
November 9 2021α-diversity, β-diversity, and γ-diversity
α-diversity = within-habitat diversity
Type 0: Using number of species = Species richness Fischer's α-diversity index - Representative T1 How to measure α-diversity Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H') - representative T2 |
Diversity and evenness True diversitySelection of parameter for diversity Density vs biomass 'Correlation' vs 'causal relation'β-diversity (between-habitat diversity)
Types of similarity index
Diamond graph |
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Main purposes of multivariate analysis
Classification and ordination November 12 2021Clsutering or cluster analysis
Divisive strategy vs agglomerative strategy Agglomerative strategy
From 'single linkage method' to 'Average linkage method'
Average linkage method
Principle Other clustering methods Ordination: Indirect and direct ordinationIndirect ordination |
November 16 2021
Polar ordination (PO) Application of DCA to investigate vegeation development patterns after peat mining Principal component analysis (PCA)
Eigenvalue and eigenvector Application of PCA on fern development Canonical correspondence analysisNovember 19 2021Principles and applications of CCA on the relationship between seedbank and standing vegetation |
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Succession
Classification of successional sere: Primary succession (Xeric succession, Mesic succession), Secondary succession Concept of succession
Life history characteristics, proposed by Grime (1979)
Facilitation
Species turnover |
Mesic succession Xeric succession: Chronosequence approach Characteristics of vegetation recovery on Mount Usu Equilibrium theory vs non-equilibrium theory Mycorrhizal types: ectomycorrhziae and endomycorrhizaeInteractions between seed plants and AM fungi FacilitationLupine patches on Mount St. HelensShrub (Salix reinii) patches on Mount Koma Application of facilitation to restoration The role of plant interactions in the restoration of degraded ecosystems: a meta-analysis across life-forms and ecosystems Summary |
In this term (anterior half in second term 2021), your scores are graded based on the reports. The reporting assignment is described below. 今期(2021年後期前半)は、レポートにより評価を行う。そのレポート課題は、以下の通り。
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