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(Upload on April 17 2015) [ 日本語 | English ]

Viola L. (スミレ) Kuwagatasumire (クワガタミレ, 鍬形菫), wood violet, early blue violet, or three-lobed violet キレバスミレ, キクバスミレ, ミツデスミレ Lifeform: deciduous perennial forb Distribution: native to the North America (exotic to Japan) Habitat: man-made or disturbed habitats, forests, meadows and fields, talus and rocky slopes, and woodlands in the native regions (roadsides escaped from gardening in Japan) Leaf: highly-variable morphology

Origin: V. × palmata L. (pro sp.) = brittoniana or pedatifida × affinis or sororia (USDA) Cultivars: white flower, etc.

Viola palmata in Hokkaido

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[1-3] on a roadside at N21/E1, East Ward, Sapporo, on May 22 2013.