Case studies

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Cases relevant to conservation and restoration (保全・復元事例集)

Mount Usu / Sarobetsu post-mined peatland
From left: Crater basin in 1986 and 2006. Cottongrass / Daylily

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USA

Nature conservation in USA

1965 Pepper Goes Missing
1966 Laboratory Animal Welfare Act

the protection of dogs and cats used in research facilities

1970 Animal Welfare Act (AWA, 動物保護法)

a major revision that broadened the Act scope beyond laboratory animals

1973 Endangered Species Act (ESA, 絶滅危惧種法)

a federal law to protect endangered species

Spotted owl

Strix occidentalis caurina, Northern spotted owl (ニシアメリカフクロウ)
1990.06.23 assigned as threatened (sub)species (危急種) based on ESA

estimation: a protection measure a 1.2-million-ha no-logging zone

→ 30000 lost jobs and $290 million in annual losses

1990.06.26 DOI/USDA: forest zoning can limit job losses to 1800
1990.06.27 A newspaper article in the San Francisco Chronicle

the measure was too favorable to industry
rejecting a law grounded in long‑term vision

1991.03.07 Federal court: halted USFS timber sales
1994.04.13 DOI/USDA: Northwest Forest Plan = stronger conservation
1995.06.29 Supreme Court: extended ESA authority to private lands

the regional timber industry suffered a major blow

After 2000: the greatest threat is the invasive Barred Owl

Walden

Thoreau, Henry David (1817-1862), naturalist (and transcendentalist)
1845 Cabin at Walden - two‑year deliberate‑living experiment
1846 Poll‑tax refusal - jailed for anti‑slavery/Mexican War protest

---. 1854. Walden; or, Life in the Woods. Ticknor and Fields, Boston. p. 65 (今井幹夫訳. 2004. ウォールデン森の生活. 講談社学術文庫)
---. 1993. Civil Disobedience. Dover Publications (originally in Aesthetic Papers 1849)
argued for civil disobedience against unjust government

1990 Massachusetts Legislature and Walden Pond Association

permanent preservation of Walden Pond and its forests began
A real estate company plans to buy the site for a parking lot

state authorities are considering acquiring the site

faced a budget shortfall

⇒ requested Trust for Public Land (TPL) to carry out the acquisition