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(First upload on December 20 2009. Last on June 10 2022) [ 日本語 | English ]

Citrus L. (ミカン) C. grandis (L.) Osbeck (ザボン) C. japonica Thunb. (キンカン)

C. natsudaidai Hayata (ナツミカン) C. nobilis Lour. (クネンボ) C. tachibana (Makino) Tanaka (タチバナ)

C. pseudogulgul Hort. ex Shirai (シシユズ) C. unshiu (Swingle) Marcow. (ウンシュウミカン)

Citrus grandis (L.) Osbeck transplanted in Japan

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Zabon (ザボン, 朱欒), pomelo Buntan (ブンタン, 文旦), Bontan (ボンタン), Uchimurasaki (ウチムラサキ) Lifeform: evergreen tree ≈ 5-15 m tall Distribution: southeastern Asia - southern China - Taiwan imported to Japan in early Edo Era Habitat: coasts with rich silt and sand and floodplains, etc. Fruit: edible (raw or processed)

Use: ornamental - cultivars: many Synonyms: C. maxima (Burm.) Merr., often used

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[1-3] at Sakuya Konohana Kan (咲くやこの花館) located in Osaka, western Japan, on February 6 2022.

Citrus pseudogulgul Hort. ex Shirai transplanted in Hokkaido

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Shishiyuzu (シシユズ, 獅子柚子), オニユズ(鬼柚子), ジャガタラユズ

Lifeform: evergreen shrub with 3-4 m in height Origin: China (imported to Japan in Nara Era)

Use: gardening, (fruit) bath additive, marmalade, succade, etc.

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[1-3] at a greenhouse in Yurigahara Park, Sapporo, on January 24 2021.

Citrus japonica Thunb. in Hokkaido

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Kinkan (キンカン, 金柑), kumquats or cumquats Lifeform: evergreen shrub Origin: China (in the middle stream of Chang Jiang River)

Use: edible, medicine (containing vitamin P) and ornamental Synonyms: Fortunella japonica (Thunb.) Swingle

Cultivars: crassifolia (ネイハキンカン) hindsii (マメキンカン), syn. Fortunella hindsii (Champ.) Swingle margarita (ナガキンカン) obovata (チョウジュキンカン)

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[1-3] in a pot placed in front of the office of Shibecha Kyoto University Experimental Forest, on June 26 2019.

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cv. hindsii (マメキンカン)

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[1-3] at Sakuya Konohana Kan (咲くやこの花館) located in Osaka, western Japan, on February 6 2022.

Citrus tachibana (Makino) Tanaka in Japan

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Tachibana (タチバナ, 橘), Tachibana orange Lifeform: evergreen tree < 4 m high Distribution: Taiwan - Korea - Japan (Kyushu - central Honshu) Habitat: mountains near the sea

Flower: white Fruit: aromatic, yellow or orange Seed dispersal: animal Used for the lucky tree (縁起木) of 'perpetual youth and longevity'

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[1-3] at Rakuju-en Garden, Mishima, on November 18 2009.

Citrus nobilis Lour. in Japan

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Kunenbo (クネンボ, 九年母) Lifeform: evergreen shrub

Distribution: East Asia (imported to Japan)

Synonyms: Citrus aurantium L. Tangor Group

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[1/2] in Hama-rikyu Gardens (浜離宮), Tokyo, on November 13 2015.

Citrus unshiu (Swingle) Marcow. transplanted in Hokkaido

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Unshu-mikan (ウンシュウミカン, 温州蜜柑), satsuma orange, satsuma mandarin, , unshu mikan, cold hardy mandarin and tangerine Lifeform: evergreen shrub or short tree

Origin: Nagashima in Kagoshima Prefecture, Kyushu, Japan Habiat: sunny with mesic soil Stem: less spines

Flower: early May to early June in the southern parts of Japan Use: edible fruit (most satsuma oranges cultivated in Japan are this species) - many cultivars

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[1-3] at a greenhouse in Yurigahara Park, Sapporo, on January 24 2021.