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(First upload on June 10 2013. Last on November 1 2016) [ 日本語 | English ]

Bromus L. (スズメノチャヒキ) Inumugi (イヌムギ, 犬麦), rescuegrass, or Australian oat Lifeform: weedy, perennial grass ≈ 1 m high Distribution: naitive to South America (exotic to Japan, introduced for meadow) firstly reported from Tokyo in 1982 Habitat: roadsides, and dry grasslands Field training on integrated environmental research (統合環境調査法実習) (fauna and flora 種リスト) HUSTEP: Plants and Plant communities in Japan (flora list)

Flower: cleistogamous Arista: few (1-2 mm long), or none Chromosome number: 2n = 28 or 42 Synonyms (controversial): Bromus brevis Nees ex Steud. Bromus haenkaneus (Persl) Kunth Bromus unioloides Humboldt, Bonpland et Kunth (often abbreviated as H. B. K.), adopted by Osada (1993) Bromus willdenowii Kunth Ceratochloa cathartica (Vahl) Herter Festuca unioloides (Willd.) Raspail, nom. illeg., non Bromus unioloides Kunth

Bromus catharticus in Japan

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[1/2] at West Ariake Pier Park, Tokyo, on May 12 2013. [3] at the imperial gardens in the former lawn Shiba detached palace, Tokyo, on May 29 2015. [4-6] at the backyard of the Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, on July 11 2016.