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(First upload on July 1 2014. Last on June 10 2024) [ 日本語 | English ]

Pinus L. (マツ) transplanted P. banksiana Lamb. (バンクスマツ) P. bungeana Zucc. ex Endl. (シロマツ) P. mugo Turra (モンタナマツ) P. nigra J. F. Arnold (オウシュウクロマツ)

P. palustris Mill. (ダイオウマツ) P. sylvestris L. (オウシュウアカマツ) P. rigida Mill. (リギダマツ) ☛ bark (樹皮)

Pinus banksiana Lamb. in Japan

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Bankusumatsu (バンクスマツ), jack pine, grey pine or scrub pine Lifeform: evergreen tall tree ≈ 20 m high Distribution: eastern North America

Habitat: diverse, e.g., nutrient-poor and/or well-drained soils Stem: non-straight form Leaf: two per bundle Cone: serotinous (> 50°C) Use: timber

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[1-4] transplanted in front of an apartment, N28W3, North Ward, Sapporo. [1-3] on April 28 2016. [4] on December 24 2016. Broken down by heavy snow.

Pinus bungeana Zucc. ex Endl. in Japan

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Shiromatsu (シロマツ, 白松/白皮松), lacebark pine Hakusyou (ハクショウ, 白松), Sankonomatsu (サンコノマツ, 三鈷ノ松) Lifeform: evergreen tall tree ≈ 30 m high Distribution: central to northwestern China

Habitat: mountains in the native regions Leaf: three per bundle Use: gardening, street tree, etc. → a few cultivars holly tree in China → planted in temples and palaces

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[1-3] at Yushima Temple (seido), Tokyo, on May 30 2014. Record: in the Koishikawa Botanical Garden (小石川植物園), the University of Tokyo, on March 16 2017.

Pinus mugo Turra in Hokkaido

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Montanamatsu (モンタナマツ), mountain pine Mugomatsu (ムゴマツ/スイスコウザンマツ/スイスミヤママツ) Etymology: montano (Italian) or montagne (French) → mountain Lifeform: evergreen shrub (= ssp. mugo) < 3 m high in Japan Distribution: southwestern to Central Europe (introduced to Japan after Taisho Era)

Habitat: high elevation Leaf: two per bundle Use: groundcover Synonyms: Pinus montana Mill. Pinus mugho Laichard., spelling variant Pinus mugo var. mughus (Scop.) Zenari

Pinus mugo Turra var. pumilio (Haenke) Zenari, dwarf mountain pine ssp. mugo, dwarf mountain pine → dwarf < 6 m high, in southern and eastern Alps, Balkan Peninsula ssp. uncinata (Ramond) Domin, mountain pine → straight ≈ 20 m high, from the Pyrenees northeast to Poland

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[1] close to Banya Spa in Ishikari Coast on March 31 2024. [2/3] a parking lot between Kushiro and Akkeshi along the National Route 44 on June 30 2014. [4-6] in front of the HU Central Coop Restaurant on May 11 2019. Records: at a hedgerow in front of a building in N8/W2 close to JR Sapporo Station on July 29 2020.

Pinus nigra J. F. Arnold in Hokkaido

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Oushukuromatsu (オウシュウクロマツ, 欧州黒松), European black pine, or Austrian pine Yo-roppakuromatsu (ヨーロッパクロマツ) Lifeform: evergreen tall tree ≈ 25 m high

Distribution: southern and eastern Europe, and east Asia Habitat: drained, sunny sites

Stem: straight ↔ P. thunbergii = winding Leaf: two long leaves per bundle Use: street tree, windbreak forest, etc. Varieties: several

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[1-3] near Faculty of Engineer at the Main Street of Hokkaido University on June 21 2014.

Pinus palustris Mill. grown at a greenhouse in Hokkaido

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Daioumatsu (ダイオウマツ, 大王松), longleaf pine Daioushou (ダイオウショウ) Lifeform: evergreen needle-leaved tree with 30-35 m in height

Distribution: native to the southeastern US IUCN Red List: endangered Habitat: forests and savannas pyrophytic (resistant to wildfire)

Leaf: long and droopy, three leaves on a spur shoot Use: resin, turpentine and timber

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[1-3] in Tomakomai Sun Garden glasshouse on January 10 2022.

Pinus sylvestris L. in China

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Oushuakamatsu (オウシュウアカマツ, 欧州赤松), European red pine Lifeform: evergreen, needle-leaved, tall tree Habitat: monotonic or mixed forests Use: wood

var. sylvestris, the type distributed in Europe (Scotland - central Siberia) var. hamata Steven., Balkan Peninsula - Caucasia var. mongolica Litv., (樟小松 in Chinese) Mongolia - southern Siberia - northwestern China, long leaf ≈ 12 cm var. nevadensis D. H. Christ., Sierra Nevada (Spain), etc.

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var. mongolica

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[1-3] in the animal and plant park, Changchun City, Jilin Prvince, northeastern China, on June 6 2017.
Changbai Scotch Pine, Pinus sylvestris Linn. var. sylvestriformis is a kind of evergreen tree narrowly distributed at 800-1600 m altitude of the north slope of Changbai Mountain. It can grow up to 25-30 m high with 25-40 cm DBH. The trunk is straight and smooth. The bark is light yellow brown to dark brown, and the annual branch is light brown. The long needles in bunches of two are 4-9 cm, coarse and slightly twisted. The female cones are ovoid and bent downward. It is fond of light and resistant to barren soil, and deep-rooted. It is also called Meiren (美人, Beauty) Pine because of its straight trunk beautiful shape.

at APP, June 5 2017

Pinus rigda Mill. in Japan

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Rigidamatsu (リギダマツ), (northern) pitch pine, ritch pine or picky pine, (Amerika)mitsubamatsu (アメリカミツバマツ, 亜米利加三葉松) Distribution: eastern America (Maine - Ohio)

Habitat: shallow soil and/or sand gravel Leaf: three per bundle Use: tree resin uased as medicine (diuresis, stimulant and deworming)

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[1-3] at Hibiya Park, Tokyo, on December 27 2014. [4-6] on November 16 2020. [3-5] on April 15 2023. [6] on May 4 2024.