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(First upload on November 27 2021. Last on June 23 2024) [ 日本語 | English ]

Engler's syllabus (エングラー体系) Order Ephedrales (マオウ) One genus: Ephedra L. Ca. 50 species in the world Lifeform: shrub Habitat: arid Ephedra L. (マオウ) Fig. Ephedraceae. a: anther, c: column, i: integument, b: perianth (or outer integument), p: macrosporangium

Fig. Ephedra trifurca Torr. ex S. Wats.

Ephedra L. (マオウ)

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Use: medicine (-ephedrine, (+)-pseudoephedrine, ephedroxane, etc.)

E. intermedia Schrenk et C. A. Meyer (チュウマオウ, 中麻黄)

E. equisetina Bunge (モクゾクマオウ, 木賊麻黄) E. sinica Stapf (シナマオウ)

Ephedra sinica Stapf transplanted in Hokkaido

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Shinamaou (シナマオウ, 支那麻黄), Chinese ephedra or Ma Huang (ソウマオウ/クサマオウ, 草麻黄) Lifeform: dioecism, evergreen shrub

Distribution: Mongolia - eastern Russia - northeastern China Habitat: deserts, waste and sandy places, plains and mountain slopes Medical use: aboveground shoots, as antitussive, antipyretic and cold remedy

Crude drug: Ephedrae herba Ingredient: (-)-ephedrine, etc. Synonyms: Ephedra flava F. P. Sm. Ephedra ma-huang Tang S. Liu

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[1-5] in the experimental station of medicinal plant studies, Hokkaido University. [1-3] on September 8 2021. [4/5] on June 1 2024.