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(Upload on August 13 2018) [ 日本語 | English ]

Angiospermae (被子植物)






Mount Usu / Sarobetsu post-mined peatland
From left: Crater basin in 1986 and 2006. Cottongrass / Daylily

[Engler's syllabus (エングラー体系)]

MonocotsDicots
Embryowith single cotyledonwith two cotyledons
Pollenwith single furrow or porewith three furrows or pores
Flower partsin multiples of threein multiples of four or five
Major leaf veinsparallelreticulated
Stem vascular bundlesscatteredin a ring
Rootsadventitiousdeveloping from radicle
Secondary growthabsentoften present

Class Dicotyledonae (双子葉植物)

Bentham-Hooker system (ベンサム・フッカー方式)

Commonly used in USA and UK (Bentham, Hooker)
perianth present = primitive: Magnoliaceae, Ranunculaceae
I Amentiflorae
II Thalamiflorae
III Corolliflorae
IV Calyciflorae
V Ovariflorae

I Amentiflorae (尾状花序群)

II Thalamiflorae (花托群)

Order Polygonales タデ

Order Paeoniales ボタン

Paeoniaceae ボタン

Order Magnoliales モクレン

Magnolicaceae
Cercidiphyllaceae

Order Piperales コショウ

Order Aristolochiales ウマノスズクサ

Order Rafflesiales ヤッコソウ

Order Ranales キンポウゲ植物類

= Polycarpicae 多心皮類 s.l.
Sargentodoxaceae
Circaesteraceae キルカエアステル, western China - Himalaya

Order Geraniales フウロソウ

Euphorbiaceaeトウダイグサ(s.s.): all photosynthetic types,C3, C4 and CAM plants, in this familty
Daphniphyllaceaeユズリハ(s.s.) → merged into Euphorbiaceae

Order Malvales アオイ

Order Violales

(no Violales in APG)

III Corolliflorae (花冠群)

Order Primulales サクラソウ

Theophrastaceae
Myrsinaceae ヤブコウジ
35 genera
Primulaceae サクラソウ

Order Gentianales リンドウ

IV Calyciflorae (萼筒群)

Order Proteales ヤマモガシ

= Proteaceae, the type = Protea
pollen analysis → Gondwana origin (cp. Nothofagus)

Western Australia: Adenanthos Labillardiere, Banksia Linnaeus f., Conospermum Smith, Dryandra R. Brown, Franklandia R. Brown, Grevillea R. Brown ex Knight, Hakea Schrader, Isopogon R. Brown ex Kngiht, Lambertia Smith, Persoonia Smith, Petrophile Knight, Stirlingia Endlicher, Synaphea R. Brown, Petrophile, Xylomelum Smith

Order Umbellales (セリ)

V Ovariflorae (子房群)

Order Rubiales アカネ

→ Cronquist
Caprifoliaceae スイカズラ: 12 genera
Adoxaceae: レンプクソウ: 1 genus 1 spedies (Adoxa L.)
Valerianaceae オミナエシ: 13 genera
Dipsacaceae マツムシソウ: 8 genera
Rubiaceae -: > 500 genera
Subfam. Cinchonoideae フタバムグラ
Subfam. Rubioideae アカネ

Order Campanulales キキョウ

Campanulaceae キキョウ
Sphenocleaceae
Goodniaceae
Brunoniaceae
Stylidiaceae
Calyceraceae

Class Monocotyledonae (単子葉植物)

Classes and families established by Engler
monocots (sg. monocot, 単子葉類) = monocotyledons = monocotyledonous plant
Two hypotheses
1. Dicotyledonae (dicot) → Monocotyledonae (monocot)
2. Primitive dicotylodonae → Monocotiledonae + Dicotyledonae

Monocots classified by APG IV

Order Acorales (ショウブ)
Acoraceae (ショウブ)
Order Alismatales (オモダカ)
Araceae (サトイモ)
Tofieldiaceae (チシマゼキショウ)
Alismataceae (オモダカ)
Butomaceae (ハナイ)
Hydrocharitaceae (トチカガミ)
Scheuchzeriaceae (ホロムイソウ)
Aponogetonaceae (レースソウ)
Juncaginaceae (シバナ)
Maundiaceae
Zosteraceae (アマモ)
Potamogetonaceae (ヒルムシロ)
Posidoniaceae
Ruppiaceae (カワツルモ)
Cymodoceaceae (シオニラ)
Order Petrosaviales (サクライソウ)
Petrosaviaceae (サクライソウ)
Order Dioscoreales (ヤマノイモ)
Nartheciaceae (キンコウカ)
Burmanniaceae (ヒナノシャクジョウ), polyphylogenetic
Dioscoreaceae (ヤマノイモ)
Order Pandanales (タコノキ)
Triuridaceaes (ホンゴウソウ)
Velloziaceae
Stemonaceae (ビャクブ)
Cyclanthaceae (パナマソウ)
Pandanaceae (タコノキ)
Order Liliales (ユリ)
Campynemataceae
Corsiaceae
Melanthiaceae
Petermanniaceae
Alstroemeriaceae (ユリズイセン)
Colchicaceae (イヌサフラン)
Philesiaceae
Ripogonaceae
Smilacaceae (サルトリイバラ)
Liliaceae (ユリ)
Order Asparagales (キジカクシ)
Orchidaceae (ラン)
Boryaceae
Blandfordiaceae
Asteliaceae
Lanariaceae
Hypoxidaceae (キンバイザサ)
Doryanthaceae (ドリアンテス)
Ixioliriaceae or Ixiolirionaceae, nom. cons.
Tecophilaeaceae
Iridaceae (アヤメ)
Xeronemataceae
Asphodelaceae (ツルボラン), including the former Xanthorrhoeaceae
Amaryllidaceae (ヒガンバナ)
Asparagaceae (キジカクシ)
Order Arecales (ヤシ)
Dasypogonaceae
Arecaceae or Palmae (ヤシ)
Order Commelinales (ツユクサ)
Hanguanaceae
Commelinaceae (ツユクサ)
Philydraceae (タヌキアヤメ)
Pontederiaceae (ミズアオイ)
Haemodoraceae
Order Zingiberales (= Scitamineae, ショウガ)
Strelitziaceae (ゴクラクチョウカ)
Lowiaceae
Heliconiaceae (オウムバナ)
Musaceae (バショウ)
Cannaceae (カンナ)
Marantaceae (クズウコン)
Costaceae (オオホザキアヤメ)
Zingiberaceae (ショウガ)
Orderイネ目 Poales
Typhaceae (ガマ)
Bromeliaceae (パイナップル)
Rapateaceae
Xyridaceae (トウエンソウ)
Eriocaulaceae (ホシクサ)
Mayacaceae (マヤカ)
Thurniaceae
Juncaceae (イグサ)
Cyperaceae (カヤツリグサ)
Restionaceae (サンアソウ), including the former Anarthriaceae and Centrolepidaceae
Flagellariaceae (トウツルモドキ)
Joinvilleaceae
Ecdeiocoleaceae
Poaceae or Gramineae (イネ)
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