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(Upload on May 20 2021) [ 日本語 | English ]

Boraginaceae Juss. (ムラサキ科)






Mount Usu / Sarobetsu post-mined peatland
From left: Crater basin in 1986 and 2006. Cottongrass / Daylily

Lifeform: herb or tree
Leaf: alternate (commonly single)
Stipule: none
Inflorescence: (mostly) circinate
Flower: radial symmetric, hermaphrodite flower
Petal: 5 (rarely 4-6)
Calyx lobe: succubous (rarely gamosepalous)
Corolla: succubous or convolute

*: exotic only

Ancistrocarya Maxim.
Brunnera Steven (シュッコンワスレナグサ)
Native to the woodlands of Eastern Europe and North West Asia
B. macrophylla (J. F. Adams) I. M. Johnst. (シベリアワスレナグサ*)
Buglossoides Moench
Bothriospermum Bunge (ハナイバナ)
Cynoglossum L. (オオルリソウ)
Ehretia L. (チシャノキ)
Eritrichium Schrad. (ミヤマムラサキ)
Hackelia Opiz. (イワムラサキ, stickseed)
Lappula v. Wolf
Lithospermum L. (ムラサキ)
Echium L. (シャゼンムラサキ)
Mertensia Roth (ハマベンケイ)
Messerschmidia L.
Myosotis L. (ワスレナグサ)
Nemophila Nutt. (ルリカラクサ)
Omphalodes* Moench (ルリソウ)
Symphytum L. (ヒレハリソウ)
Trigonotis Steven (キュウリグサ)

Hydrophyllaceae R. Br. ex Edwards (ハゼリソウ)

= Waterleaf Family
APG: merged into Boraginaceae (Subfamily Hydrophylloideae)
280 species in 22 genera
Lifeform: most species are annual forbs
Distribution: mostly in the North and South America, partly in Asia and Africa

all the species are exotic to Japan

[Engler's syllabus (エングラー体系)]

Bothriospermum Bunge (ハナイバナ)

B. chinense Bunge (ヒロハハナイバナ)
B. kusnezowii Bunge (トウハナイバナ)
 B. secundum Maxim. (オオハナイバナ)
 B. zeylanicum (J. Jacq.) Druce (ハナイバナ)

Echium L. (シャゼンムラサキ)

70 species worldwide - Two species have Japanese common names:
 E. plantagineum L. (シャゼンムラサキ)
 E. vulgare L. (シベナガムラサキ)

Lithospermum L. (ムラサキ)

L. arvense L. (イヌムラサキ)
L. murasaki Siebold (ムラサキ)
 L. officinale L. (セイヨウムラサキ)
L. zollingeri A. DC. (ホタルカズラ)

f. albidum (Honda) H. Hara (シロバナホタルカズラ)

Mertensia Roth (ハマベンケイ)

M. davurica (Pall. ex Sims) G. Don (アレチベンケイ)
M. maritima (L.) Gray (ハマベンケイソウ, s.l.)
 M. pterocarpa (Turcz.) Tatew. et Ohwi (チシマルリソウ, s.l.)
 M. pubescens (Willd. ex Roem. et Schult.) DC. (タカオカソウ)

Myosotis L. (ワスレナグサ) in Japan

Native (one species)
M. sylvatica (Ehrh.) Hoffn. (エゾムラサキ), Hokkaido and central Honshu
 Exotic (probably increasing the number)
M. alpestris F. W Schmidt (ノハラワスレナグサ)
M. arvensis (L.) Hill (ノハラムラサキ)
 M. discolor Pers. (ハマワスレナグサ)
M. scorpioides L. (ワスレナグサ)

Nemophila Nutt. (ルリカラクサ)

Distribution: 11 species, native mostly to the western North American
Lifeform: annual forbs
 N. maculata Benth. ex Lindl. (モンカラクサ)
N. menziesii Hook. et Arn. (ルリカラクサ)

Omphalodes Moench (ルリソウ)

O. linifolia (L.) Moench (シロウメソウ)
O. verna Moench (ハナルリソウ)
Different taxonomy
O. japonica (Thunb.) Maxim.

var. echinosperma Kitam. (トゲヤマルリソウ)

f. albiflora S. Okamoto ex H. Hara (シロバナヤマルリソウ)

O. krameri Franch. et Sav.

var. laevisperma (Nakai) Ohwi (エチゴルリソウ)

f. leucantha Yonek. (シロバナエチゴルリソウ)

f. alba (T.Itô) H.Hara (シロバナルリソウ)

O. akiensis Kadota

f. albiflora Kadota (シロバナアキノハイルリソウ)

Symphytum L. (ヒレハリソウ)

No native species in Japan
 S. asperum Lepechin (オオハリソウ)
 S. officinale L. (ヒレハリソウ)

Trigonotis Steven (キュウリグサ)

T. brevipes (Maxim.) Maxim. (ミズタビラコ)

var. coronata (Ohwi) Ohwi (コシジタビラコ)

T. guilielmii (A.Gray) A.Gray ex Gurke (タチカメバソウ)
T. icumae (Maxim.) Makino (ツルカメバソウ)
 T. nakaii Hara (チョウセンカメバソウ)
T. peduncularis (Trevir.) Benth. (キュウリグサ)
T. radicans (Turcz.) Steven (ケルリソウ)
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