(Upload on October 13 2021) [ 日本語 | English ]
Mount Usu / Sarobetsu post-mined peatland
From left: Crater basin in 1986 and 2006. Cottongrass / Daylily
HOME > Plant list (植物リスト) > Iridaceae (アヤメ科)
Order Liliales (ユリ)IridaceaePerennials, phylogenetically close to LiliaceaeRhizome (tuber or corm) present Perianth: Inner perianth = 3 + outer perianth (fall) = 3 → calyx and petal are not distinguishable |
1. homogenous tepal, small flower, filamentous style branch that is alternate with stamens ___ Belamcanda (ヒオウギ), Sisyrichium (ニワゼキショウ) 2. heterogenous tepal, large flower, flat style branch covering stamens ___ Iris (アヤメ) |
[Engler's syllabus (エングラー体系)]Crocosmia Planch. (ヒオウギズイセン)Crocus L. (サフラン)Gladiolus Tourn. ex L. (グラジオラス)Iris L. (アヤメ)Sisyrinchium L. (ニワゼキショウ) |
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No native species in Japan - introduced for gardening Lifeform: evergreen or deciduous perennial Distribution: southern and eastern Africa |
Habitat: mostly in grasslands C. aurea (Pappe ex Hook.) Planch. (ヒオウギズイセン) C. crocata (L.) Planch. (アカバナヒメアヤメ) |
C. pottsii (Baker) N. E. Br. (ヒメトウショウブ) C. × crocosmiiflora (Lemoine) N. E. Br. (ヒメヒオウギズイセン) |
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About 80 species in the world All species in Japan are introduced for gardening Life form: perennial herb Habitat (in native regions): woodlands, scurbs, and meadows from seashore to alpine Cultivars: many |
Field training on integrated environmental research (統合環境調査法実習) (fauna and flora 種リスト) |
C. flavus West (キバナサフラン, yellow crocus / Dutch yellow crocus) C. sativus L. (サフラン/薬用サフラン, saffron, or saffron crocus): the Mediterranean C. sieberi (L.) J. Gay (Sieber's crocus) C. speciosus M. Bieb., fall-blooming crocus C. vernus Hill (ハナサフラン) |
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Gladiolus (pl. gladioli) No native species in Japan → introduced for gardening (many cultivars) Lifeform: perennial forbs developing bulbs Distribution: diversity center = the Cape floristic region |
native to Africa and Mediterranean regions APG III: Acidanthera, Anomalesia, Homoglossum and Oenostachys, are included in GladiolusCultivarsG. × colvillii Sweet (グラジオラス) |
G. cardinalis × G. tristis G. × gandavensis Van Houtte (トウショウブ)G. dalenii × G. oppositiflorus Western AustraliaG. caryophyllaceus (Burm. f.) Poir. |
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I. ensata Thunb. var. spontanea (Makino) Nakai (ノハナショウブ) I. gracilipes A. Gray (ヒメシャガ) [not in Hokkaido] I. japonica Thunb. (シャガ) I. laevigata Fisch. (カキツバタ) I. minutoaurea Makino (キンカキツバタ) |
I. sanguinea Hornem. (アヤメ) I. setosa Pall. ex Link (ヒオウギアヤメ) I. pseudoacorus L. (キショウブ) I. rossii Baker (エヒメアヤメ) [not in Hokkaido] I. tectorum Maxim. (イチハツ) [ancient exotic] |
GardeningI. germanica L. (ドイツアヤメ)I. lactea Pall. (ネジアヤメ) I. reticulata L. (コマチアヤメ) I. sibirica L. (シベリアアヤメ) |
| I. setosa | I. laevigata | I. ensata | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Flower | violet (rarely white) | mainly blue-purple | mainly red-purple, φ = 15 cm (largest) |
| Outer petal | retiform | non-retiform, white mottle | non-retiform, yellowish center |
| inner petal | inconspicuous | inconspicuous | |
| Stem height | > 1 m | 50-60 cm | |
| Leaf width * | 1 cm (< 2 cm) | 2 cm, wavy | |
| Mdivein | unvisible | fine | thick |
| Habitat | relatively dry | mesic, emersed | mesic |
| Chromome number | 2n = 38 | 2n = 32 | 2n = 24 |
| Remarks | Sarobetsu |
*: at 20 cm above the ground surface before flowering
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70-150 species in the world, taxonomically-cofusing group → all species are exotic to Japan S. angustifolium Mill. (ルリニワゼキショウ/アイイロニワゼキショウ) |
S. exile E. P. Bicknell (キバナニワゼキショウ) S. micranthum Cav. (オオニワゼキショウ), scientific name had been confused S. mucronatum Michx. (ヒトフサニワゼキショウ) |
S. rosulatum E. P. Bicknell (ニワゼキショウ)
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