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(First upload on July 20 2011. Last on December 10 2024) [ 日本語 | English ]

Three genera in Engler's syllabus (エングラー体系) [APG: Sapindaceae (ムクロジ)]

Hippocastanaceae DC. (トチノキ)

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Aesculus L.

Billia Peyr.

Handeliodendron Rehd.

Aesculus L. (トチノキ) in Japan

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A. turbinata Blume (トチノキ), one native species Plantation A. chinensis Bunge (シナトチノキ)

A. hippocastanum L. (セイヨウトチノキ) A. indica (Colebr. ex Camb.) Hook. (インドトチノキ)

A. pavia L. (アカバナアメリカトチノキ) A. × carnea Heyne (ベニバナトチノキ), A. hippocastanum × pavia

Aesculus turbinata in Hokkaido

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Tochinoki (トチノキ, 栃ノ木), Japanese buckeye/Japanese horse-chestnut Lifeform: deciduous tree < 35 m high ☛ giant tree (巨木) Distribution: central and eastern China - Japan (naturally distributed from Kyushu through Honshu, reaching its northern limit around the Zenibako and Mount Teine area in southwestern Hokkaido. Populations found farther north in Hokkaido are probably escaped from cultivation Jomon forest (縄文の森)

Habitat: moist slopes along streams on mountains and ravines Field training on integrated environmental research (統合環境調査法実習) (fauna and flora 種リスト) Fruit: globular, not developing spines ↔ A. hippocastanum Seed dispersal: cache (Irie & Tsuyuzaki 2011) Chromosomal number: 2n = 40 f. pubescens (Rehder) Ohwi ex Yas. Endo (ウラゲトチノキ)

1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9
[1/2] in Nakagawa Experimental Forest, Hokkaido University, on June 16 2011. The seeds (acorns) are cached by rodents (Irie & Tsuyuzaki 2011). [3-5] in Tsukiura Forest Park faced to Toya Lake on September 15 2015 (bark, 樹皮). [6] in the Sapporo City Nature Education Park on September 19 2016. [7-9] in an area where the Otaru-Yoichi wind farm was planned on June 15 2023. Records: in Maeda Forest Park on May 30 2020. A sapling in a forest located at the backyard of Faculty of Science, HU, on September 23 2023. [Japan] near Inu-ochi Falls (犬落の滝) in Hyakkennzan Canyons (百間山渓谷), Wakayama Prefecture, on June 26 2024.