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(Upload on November 12 16 2022) [ 日本語 | English ]

Papaveraceae Juss. (ケシ科), poppy family






Mount Usu / Sarobetsu post-mined peatland
From left: Crater basin in 1986 and 2006. Cottongrass / Daylily

[Engler's syllabus (エングラー体系)|Plant taxonomy (植物分類学)|References (参考文献)]

Species: 23 genera including ca 200 spp.
Lifeform: forbs (and shrubs)

Subfamily Fumarioideae Eaton

= Fumariaceae (ケマンソウ), when established
Tribe Hypecoeae Dumort.

Hypecoum L.: Mediterranean region to Mongolia and Western China

Pteridophyllum Siebold et Zucc.: Japan

Tribe Fumarieae Dumort.
Adlumia Raf. ex DC.: Eastern North America, Korea, China
Capnoides Mill.: Northern North America
Ceratocapnos Durieu: South west of Europe, north west of Africa
Corydalis DC., nom. cons.(キケマン): Eurasia, North America, East Africa
Cryptocapnos Rech. f.: Central Afghanistan
Cysticapnos Mill.: South Africa
Dactylicapnos Wall.: Himalayas
Dicentra Bernh., nom. cons. (コマクサ): Eastern Asia, North America
D. formosa (Haw.) Walp. (ハナケマンソウ), exotic
D. peregrina (Rudolph) Makino (コマクサ)
Discocapnos Cham. et Schltdl.: South Africa
Ehrendorferia Fukuhara et Liden: Western United States
Fumaria L.: Mediterranean region, Himalayas, East Africa
 Fumariola Korsh.: Central Asia
Ichtyoselmis Liden et Fukuhara: China
Lamprocapnos Endl. (ケマンソウ): China, Korea
One exotic species recorded from Japan
L. spectabilis (L.) Fukuhara (ケマンソウ)
Platycapnos (DC.) Bernh.: Western Mediterranean region
Pseudofumaria Medik.: Italy, Balkans
Rupicapnos Pomel: North west Africa
Sarcocapnos DC.: Spain, Morocco, Algeria
Trigonocapnos Schltr.: South Africa

Subfamily Papaveroideae Eaton

Tribe Eschscholzieae Baill.
Dendromecon Benth.: California
Eschscholzia Cham. (ハナビシソウ): Western North America, introduced to Japan for gardening
Hunnemannia Sweet: Eastern Mexico
Tribe Chelidonieae Dumort.
Bocconia L.: central and southern America, Antilles
Chelidonium Juss. (クサノオウ): Eurasia
C. majus L. (クサノオウ)
Dicranostigma Hook. f. et Thomson: central Asia
Glaucium Mill.: Europe to Central Asia
Eomecon Hance: Eastern China
Hylomecon Maxim. (ヤマブキソウ): eastern Asia
H. japonica (Thunb.) Prantl et Kündig (ヤマブキソウ)
 Macleaya R. Br. (タケニグサ): Eastern Asia
One species in Japan (two or three species in the world
M. cordata (Willdenow) R. Brown (タケニグサ)
Sanguinaria L. (カナダゲシ): Eastern North America
S. canadencis (Willd) R. Br. (カナダゲシ)
Stylophorum Nutt. (monotypic)
Tribe Platystemoneae Spach
Hesperomecon Greene: Western North America
Meconella Nutt.: Western North America
Platystemon Benth.: Western North America
Tribe Papavereae Dumort.
Arctomecon Torr. et Frem.: Western North America
Argemone L.: North America, Antilles, central and southern America, Hawaii
Canbya Parry: Western North America
Meconopsis Vig.: paraphyletic
80 species in central southern Asia, western Europe
M. grandis Prain, Welsh poppy
Papaver L.: northern hemisphere, South Africa, Cape Verde; paraphyletic
Roemeria Medik.: Mediterranean region, south west Asia
Romneya Harv.: California
Stylomecon G. Taylor: California

Corydalis A. P. de Candolle (キケマン) in Japan

C. ambigua Cham. et Schltdl. (エゾエンゴサク)
C. capillipes Franch. (ミチノクエンゴサク)
C. curvicalcarata Miyabe et Kudo (エゾオオケマン), endemic to Yubari Mountains
C. decumbens (Thunb.) Pers. (ジロボウエンゴサク), temperate regions (China - Taiwan - Shikoku)

f. albescens (Takeda) Ohwi (シロバナジロボウエンゴサク)

C. heterocarpa Sieb. et Zucc. (キケマン, s.l.)
C. incisa (Thunb.) Pers. (ムラサキケマン)
C. kushiroensis Fukuhara (チドリケマン)
C. lineariloba Sieb. et Zucc. (ヤマエンゴサク/ササバエンゴサク), temperate regions (not in Hokkaido)

var. capillaris Ohwi (ヒメエンゴサク)
var. papilligera Ohwi (キンキエンゴサク)

C. ochotensis Turcz. (ツルキケマン)

var. raddeana (Regel) Nakai (ナガミノツルケマン)

C. ophiocarpa Hook. et Thom. (ヤマキケマン)
C. pallida (Thunb.) Pers. (フウロケマン)

var. tenuis Yatabe (ミヤマキケマン)

C. racemosa (Thunb.) Pers. (ホザキキケマン)
C. speciosa Maxim. (エゾキケマン)
C. tashiroi Makino (シマキケマン)

Eschscholzia Cham. (ハナビシソウ) in Japan

12 annual or perennial plants in the world
Origin: northwestern America, introduced to Japan for gardening (all species are exotic to Japan)
 E. caespitosa Benth. (ヒメハナビシソウ)
 E. californica Cham. (ハナビシソウ)

Papaver L. (ケシ)

Ca. 60 species worldwide
P. alboroseum Hultén (アライドヒナゲシ)
P. alpinum L. (タカネヒナゲシ)
P. argemone L. (トゲナガミゲシ)
P. commutatum Fisch. et C. A. Mey. (モンツキヒナゲシ)
P. dubium L. (ナガミヒナゲシ)
P. fauriei (Fedde) Fedde ex Miyabe et Tatew. (リシリヒナゲシ)
 P. glaucum Boiss. et Hausskn. (チューリップゲシ)
P. hybridum L. (トゲミゲシ)
P. miyabeanum (Miyabe et Tatew.) Tatew. (チシマヒナゲシ)
P. nudicaule L. (シベリアヒナゲシ)
P. orientale L. (オニゲシ)
P. radicatum Rottb. var. pseudoradicatum (Kitag.) Kitag. (タカネヒナゲシ)
P. rhoeas L. (ヒナゲシ)
 P. tolmatschevianum N. S. Pavlova (カラフトヒナゲシ)
Illegal poppy
First Opium War (第一次阿片戦争)
The cultivation is prohibited by Cannabis Control Act (大麻取締法)
P. somniferum L. (ケシ), opium poppy

ssp. setigerum (DC.) Arcang. (アツミゲシ) (syn. P. setigerum DC.)

P. bracteatum Lindl. (ハカマオニゲシ)
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