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Solanaceae Juss. (ナス科)






Mount Usu / Sarobetsu post-mined peatland
From left: Crater basin in 1986 and 2006. Cottongrass / Daylily

2500-3000 species in more than 100 genera (annuals, shrubs and rarely trees), mostly in tropical and temperate regions
Inflorescence: cymose or solitary axillary
Sepals and petals: united, plicate corolla
Anther: connivent
Leaf arrangement: alternate or spiral
Atropa L. (オオカミナスビ)
A. belladonna L. (オオカミナスビ)
Brugmansia Pers. (キダチチョウセンアサガオ)
Capsicum L. (トウガラシ)
Datura L. (チョウセンアサガオ)
Nierembergia Ruiz et Pav. (ギンパイソウ)
N. frutescens Durieu (アマダマシ)
N. gracilis Hook. (ヒメアマダマシ)
 N. rivularis Miers (ギンパイソウ)
Lycium L. (クコ)
Nicandra Adans. (オオセンナリex)
N. physalodes (L.) Gaertn. (オオセンナリ)
Nierembergia Ruiz et Pav. (ギンパイソウ/アマモドキ), cupflower
cultivars
Petunia Juss. (ツクバネアサガオ)
Physalis L. (ホオズキ)
Scopolia Lam. (ハシリドコロ)
Solanum L. (ナス)
Streptosolen Miers (マーマレードノキ)
Streptosolen jamesonii (Benth.) Miers (マーマレードノキ), consisting of single species

[Engler's syllabus (エングラー体系)]

fd
Floral diagram of Solanum nigrum

[when separated from Datura]

Brugmansia Pers. (キダチチョウセンアサガオ)

Tree or shrub
B. arborea (L.) Sweet (ピンクダチュラ)
B. cornigera Hook. cv. grand manier (ニオイチョウセンアサガオ)
 B. sanguinea (Ruiz et Pav.) D. Don (ベニバナチョウセンアサガオ)
 B. suaveolens (Humb. et Bonpl. ex Willd.) Sweet (キダチチョウセンアサガオ)
B. × candida Pers. (コダチチョウセンアサガオ)

Datura L. (チョウセンアサガオex) in Japan

Flower: upward and infundibular
Fruit: capsule (spines on the surface)
 D. ferox L. (ツノミチョウセンアサガオ)
D. metel L. (チョウセンアサガオ)
 D. stramonium L. (ヨウシュチョウセンアサガオ, s.l.)
D. wrightii Regel (ケチョウセンアサガオ)

Lycium L. (クコ)

L. barbarum L. (ナガバクコ)
 L. chinense Mill. (クコ)
 L. sandwicense A. Gray (アツバクコ)

Petunia Juss. (ツクバネアサガオ) in Japan

All are introduced to Japan for gardening
Chromosome number: 2n = 14
P. parviflora Juss. ✂
 P. hybrida (Hook. f.) Vilm. (ツクバネアサガオ)

Calibrachoa Cerv. (ヒメツクバネアサガオ)

Separated from Petunia, because of the chromosome number
 Chromosome number: 2n = 18
Flower: 2.5-3 mm in diameter
C. parviflora (Juss.) D'Arcy (ヒメツクバネアサガオ)

Physalis L. (ホオズキ) in Japan

Fruit: enclosed by enlarged sepals
P. acutifolia (Miers) Sandw. (ナガエノセンナリホオズキ)
P. alkekengi L. (ホオズキ)
P. angulata L

var. angulata (ヒロハフウリンホオズキ)
var. lanceifolia (Nees) Waterf. (ホソバフウリンホオズキ)

var. pendula (Rydb.) Waterf. (アイフウリンホオズキ)

P. chamaesarachoides Makino (ヤマホオズキ)
P. grisea (Waterf.) M.Martinez (ショクヨウホオズキ)
P. heterophylla Nees (ビロードホオズキ)
 P. ixocarpa Brot. ex Hornem. (オオブドウホオズキ)
P. longifolia Nutt. var. subglabrata (Mack. et Bush) Cronquist (ウスゲホオズキ)
P. peruviana L. (ブドウホオズキ)
P. philadelphica Lam. (キバナホオズキ)
P. pubescens L. (ヒメセンナリホオズキ)

Scopolia Lam. (ハシリドコロ)

Eurasia (between Europe and Asia)
Asia
S. japonica Maxim. (ハシリドコロ)
S. lutescens Y. N. Lee
 Europe
S. carniolica Jacq. (ヨウシュハシリドコロ), European scopolia or henbane bell

Syn. Scopolia atropoides Bercht. et J. Presl

S. caucasica Kolesn. ex Kreyer
Scopolia vs. Atropa
Fruit: pyxidium (蓋果) vs berry
Calyx: cup-shaped vs distinctly lobed

hairless (glabrous) vs pubescent

Pistil: straight < corolla l vs. curved and exserted

[many vegetables in this genus] Nomenclature: Shimizu (2003)

Solanum L. (ナス) , selected

Fruit: not enveloped by sepals
Seed dispersal: animal
The most of all Solanum species are exotic to Japan
Close to Common Nightshade
S. luteum Mill. (Akamino inu-hozuki, アカミノイヌホオズキ), red fruit
S. memphiticum Mart. (Murasaki inu-hozuki, ムラサキイヌホオズキ), (slightly-)purple stem
 S. nigrescens Mart. et Gal. (オオイヌホオズキ)
S. nigrum L. (イヌホオズキ) [native, s.l.]
S. physalifolium Rusby (Hime ke inu-hozuki, ヒメケイヌホオズキ)

dense stem hairs. flower = 4-6 mm in diameter

S. sarrachoides Sendtn. (Ke inu-hozuki, ケイヌホオズキ)

dense stem hairs. flower = 7-9 mm in diameter

Others
S. carolinense (ワルナスビ)
S. dulcamara L. (セイヨウヤマホロシ)
S. japonense Nakai (ヤマホロシ)

f. xanthocarpum H. Hara (キミノヤマホロシ)

S. lyratum Thunb. (ヒヨドリジョウゴ)
S. maximowiczii Koidz. (マルバノホロシ), south to Kanto District
S. megacarpum (オオマルバノホロシ)
S. sisymbriifolium Lam. (ハリナスビ)
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